Where: Rovereto - Palazzo Fedrigotti, corso Bettini n. 31
When: 8 October 2013, h.11.30
Prof. Alan Page Fiske - University of California, Los Angeles
http://www.anthro.ucla.edu/people/faculty?lid=764
http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/fiske/
Abstract
Humans generate the infinite complexity and diversity of their sociality by implementing combinations of just four elementary relational models. Communal sharing (CS) is a relationship of equivalence in which participants coordinate their interaction with respect to something they have in common. CS organizes romantic love, the cohesion of soldiers in a unit or members of a team, as well as larger scale ethnic, national, gender, or species identification. The relational structure of CS is homologous to that of a nominal scale of measurement. Authority ranking (AR) is a linear ordering in which subordinates owe deference and respect, while superiors must provide leadership, guidance, wisdom, and protection. Examples are military hierarchies, seniority systems, and age-based ranking. The structure of AR is that of an ordinal scale. Equality matching (EM) is a relationship in which people keep track of whether they are evenly balanced, or what they need to do to match each other. Examples are turn-taking, balanced in-kind reciprocity, lotteries, voting, and eye-for-an-eye vengeance. EM has the structure of an interval scale, or, more technically, an ordered Abelian group. Market pricing (MP) relationships are organized with respect to a socially meaningful ratio, rate, or proportion. MP organizes utilitarian moral reasoning, proportional justice, efficiency standards, cost-benefit social decision making, as well as prices, rents, wages, interest, taxes, tithes, and fines. (It is crucial to note that MP is not necessarily selfish, individualistic, or maximizing.) The structure of MP is homologous to a ratio scale (an Archimedean ordered field). Each of these relational models is intrinsically motivated, and people implicitly use each of them to generate, interpret, coordinate, evaluate virtually all of their social relationships. However, people can only implement a relational model with reference to cultural prototypes, precedents, and precepts that specify how, when, where, and with whom it should operate. The theory has been supported by hundreds of experimental and observational studies on a wide range of phenomenon by scores of researchers using a great variety of methods to study populations from many cultures.
When: 8 October 2013, h.11.30
Prof. Alan Page Fiske - University of California, Los Angeles
http://www.anthro.ucla.edu/people/faculty?lid=764
http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/fiske/
Abstract
Humans generate the infinite complexity and diversity of their sociality by implementing combinations of just four elementary relational models. Communal sharing (CS) is a relationship of equivalence in which participants coordinate their interaction with respect to something they have in common. CS organizes romantic love, the cohesion of soldiers in a unit or members of a team, as well as larger scale ethnic, national, gender, or species identification. The relational structure of CS is homologous to that of a nominal scale of measurement. Authority ranking (AR) is a linear ordering in which subordinates owe deference and respect, while superiors must provide leadership, guidance, wisdom, and protection. Examples are military hierarchies, seniority systems, and age-based ranking. The structure of AR is that of an ordinal scale. Equality matching (EM) is a relationship in which people keep track of whether they are evenly balanced, or what they need to do to match each other. Examples are turn-taking, balanced in-kind reciprocity, lotteries, voting, and eye-for-an-eye vengeance. EM has the structure of an interval scale, or, more technically, an ordered Abelian group. Market pricing (MP) relationships are organized with respect to a socially meaningful ratio, rate, or proportion. MP organizes utilitarian moral reasoning, proportional justice, efficiency standards, cost-benefit social decision making, as well as prices, rents, wages, interest, taxes, tithes, and fines. (It is crucial to note that MP is not necessarily selfish, individualistic, or maximizing.) The structure of MP is homologous to a ratio scale (an Archimedean ordered field). Each of these relational models is intrinsically motivated, and people implicitly use each of them to generate, interpret, coordinate, evaluate virtually all of their social relationships. However, people can only implement a relational model with reference to cultural prototypes, precedents, and precepts that specify how, when, where, and with whom it should operate. The theory has been supported by hundreds of experimental and observational studies on a wide range of phenomenon by scores of researchers using a great variety of methods to study populations from many cultures.
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